Deuterium treatment of optical fiber is a crucial process for producing low water peak optical fiber. It prevents subsequent combination with hydrogen by pre-binding deuterium to the peroxide group of the optical fiber core layer, thereby reducing the hydrogen sensitivity of the optical fiber. Optical fiber treated with deuterium achieves stable attenuation near the 1383nm water peak, ensuring the transmission performance of the optical fiber in this band and meeting the performance requirements of full-spectrum optical fiber. The optical fiber deuteration treatment process consumes large amounts of deuterium gas, and directly discharging waste deuterium gas after use causes significant waste. Therefore, implementing a deuterium gas recovery and recycling device can effectively reduce deuterium gas consumption and lower production costs.